Co-Incorporating Chinese Milk Vetch and Rice Straw Increases Rice Yield by Improving Nutrient Uptake during Rice Growth

Tingting Ma, Guopeng Zhou, Jia Liu, Xiaofen Chen, Guilong Li, Wenjing Qin, Danna Chang () and Xingjia Xiang ()
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Tingting Ma: Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
Guopeng Zhou: State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-Arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Jia Liu: Soil and Fertilizer & Resources and Environment Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
Xiaofen Chen: Soil and Fertilizer & Resources and Environment Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
Guilong Li: Soil and Fertilizer & Resources and Environment Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
Wenjing Qin: Soil and Fertilizer & Resources and Environment Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
Danna Chang: State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-Arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Xingjia Xiang: Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 16, 1-13

Abstract: In the past ten years, in paddy rice systems in southern China, the co-incorporation of Chinese milk vetch (MV) and rice straw (RS) has become a new and effective practice in which the advantages of the two species are combined to improve rice yields. However, more studies are needed to better understand the mechanisms by which rice productivity is improved through this practice. In this study, a pot experiment was performed to investigate the effects of different residue management treatments on rice productivity and soil properties. Five treatments were tested: (i) CK (no residue and no chemical fertilizer); (ii) CF (chemical fertilizer); (iii) FM (CF with MV returning); (iv) FR (CF with RS returning); and (v) FMR (CF with a mixture of MV and RS returning). The results showed that the application of MV and/or RS returning improved grain yields by between 13.7% and 31.5%, compared with CF treatment alone. In addition, the application of MV significantly improved rice yield relative to RS returning. However, co-incorporation of MV and RS resulted in the highest yield productivity of all. FMR treatment significantly increased shoot biomass and shoot N, P, and K uptake, compared with FR treatment, at all three growth stages, and compared with FM treatment at the jointing and maturity stages. Moreover, FMR treatment significantly improved grain N, P, and K uptake, relative to FM and FR treatments. These results clearly demonstrated that co-incorporation management promotes nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient uptake at jointing and maturity stages of the rice growth process, compared to application of single residues alone, resulting in higher rice yields. Because incorporation of MV and/or RS increases the available nutrients in the soil and enhances nutrient uptake by the crop, wide-scale adoption of the co-incorporation of residues would significantly increase rice yields and improve soil fertility.

Keywords: co-incorporation; Chinese milk vetch; rice straw; rice yield; nutrient uptake (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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