Quantitative Frequency Security Assessment of Modern Power System Considering All the Three Indicators in Primary Frequency Response

Fei Tang, Junfeng Qi (), Zhuo Liu, Yuhan Guo and Huipeng Deng
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Fei Tang: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
Junfeng Qi: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
Zhuo Liu: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
Yuhan Guo: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
Huipeng Deng: School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 18, 1-17

Abstract: The primary frequency response scale is deteriorating in the modern power system due to the high penetration of different power devices. Frequency security assessments are essential for the operation or stability-checking of the power system. Firstly, this paper establishes the Unified Transfer Function Structure (UTFS) of power systems with highly penetrated wind turbines. Based on the UTFS, this paper analyzes the three indicators of the primary frequency responses. Secondly, to better assess the security of the frequency, the secondary frequency drop (SFD) is avoided, with the frequency response parameters of the wind turbines calculated. Moreover, considering all three indicators of the primary frequency response, this paper proposes a frequency security margin index (FSMI). The FSMI divides the system stability margin into three levels, quantitively and linearly representing the frequency response capability of different power devices. Finally, to show the effectiveness and practicability of the FSMI, this paper establishes a simulation model with high wind energy penetration, including four machines and four zones in DigSILENT. Based on the FSMI, the frequency stability margins in different typical operating scenarios are divided into three zones: “Absolut secure”, “Secure” and “Relative secure”. The FSMI also shows the dominant frequency stability problem and the risk of system frequency instability for each zone. Considering the checking principles, the frequency stability margin is equivalently expanded by calculating the energy storage’s minimum frequency response capacity.

Keywords: dominant frequency stability problem; power system security margin; primary frequency response; secondary frequency drop; unified transfer function structure (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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