Toward Food Security in 2050: Gene Pyramiding for Climate-Smart Rice

Isnaini Isnaini, Yudhistira Nugraha, Niranjan Baisakh and Nono Carsono ()
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Isnaini Isnaini: Lab of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
Yudhistira Nugraha: National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia, Bogor 16911, Indonesia
Niranjan Baisakh: School of Plant, Environmental and Soil Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
Nono Carsono: Lab of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 19, 1-35

Abstract: The decline in crop productivity due to climate change is a major issue that threatens global food security and is the main challenge for breeders today in developing sustainable varieties with a wider tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. Breeding climate-smart rice (CSR) cultivars may be the best adaptation to climate change, with the potential to improve future food security and profitability for farmers in many nations. The main objective of this review is to highlight the direction of development of superior rice breeding from time to time, and various studies of new techniques of breeding methods for pyramiding various superior rice characteristics, especially characteristics related to abiotic stress, and to make a climate-suitable genotype that is resilient to climate change. For the design and strategy of the information search, a methodology was followed to compile and summarize the latest existing studies on rice breeding for abiotic stresses. The findings revealed that there is still an empty research gap in the context of supplying CSR products, which should be a priority for rice researchers in order to increase dissemination and ensure food security for future generations, particularly in climatically vulnerable agro-ecologies. And we conclude that, while technological innovation, specifically the integration of DNA markers and the genomic approach into conventional breeding programs, has made major contributions to the development of CSR, there is an urgent need to build strategic plans for the development of varieties with various stress tolerances.

Keywords: gene pyramiding; molecular-assisted selection (MAS); environment stress; climate-smart rice (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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