The Biosynthesis of Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles: An Eco-Friendly Approach for Azo Dye Decolorization and Industrial Wastewater Treatment

Sadia Mustafa, Faisal Mahmood, Usman Shafqat, Sabir Hussain, Muhammad Shahid, Fatima Batool, Rehab O. Elnour, Mohamed Hashem, Tahani A. Y. Asseri and Tanvir Shahzad ()
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Sadia Mustafa: Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Faisal Mahmood: Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Usman Shafqat: Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Sabir Hussain: Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Muhammad Shahid: Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Fatima Batool: Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Rehab O. Elnour: Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, King Khalid University, Abha 64353, Saudi Arabia
Mohamed Hashem: Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
Tahani A. Y. Asseri: Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
Tanvir Shahzad: Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 20, 1-18

Abstract: Wastewater is one of the major concerns for agriculture, and the composition of wastewater depends on its origin. Generally, industrial wastewater consists of azo dyes and heavy metals that contaminate the food chain. In this study, nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO-NPs) were biosynthesized from Shewnella spp. and characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Azo dye decolorization indicated that NiO-NPs decolorize methylene blue (MB) (82.36%), Congo red (CR) (93.57%), malachite green (MCG) (91.05%), reactive black 5(RB5) (55.17%), reactive red-II(RR-II) (55.45%), and direct blue-I(DB-I) (59.94%) at a dye concentration of 25 mg L −1 after 4 h of sunlight exposure. Additionally, the rate of decolorization was also examined for a 50 mg L −1 concentration of dye. In order to investigate the photocatalytic potential of NiO-NPs, different dyes were also subjected to static and shaking conditions for dye decolorization. The treatment of industrial wastewater with NiO-NPs showed a significant reduction in pH from 8.5 to 6.1, EC (48.38%), chemical oxygen demand (49.24%), total dissolved solids (67.05%), sulfates (52.5%), and phosphates (49.49%). The results of this study indicated that biosynthesized NiO-NPs are an attractive choice for azo dye degradation and industrial wastewater treatment, and they can help save the depleted natural resources of water for agricultural purposes.

Keywords: screening of microbes; microbial synthesis; nickel oxide nanoparticles; wastewater remediation; photocatalytic decolorization (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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