Investigating the Impact of Polymer and Portland Cement on the Crack Resistance of Half-Warm Bituminous Emulsion Mixtures

Muna Al-Kafaji, Shakir Al-Busaltan, Mustafa Amoori Kadhim, Anmar Dulaimi (), Behrooz Saghafi and Hayder Al Hawesah
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Muna Al-Kafaji: Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Kerbala, Karbala 56001, Iraq
Shakir Al-Busaltan: Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Kerbala, Karbala 56001, Iraq
Mustafa Amoori Kadhim: Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Kerbala, Karbala 56001, Iraq
Anmar Dulaimi: Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Kerbala, Karbala 56001, Iraq
Behrooz Saghafi: Pavement Testing Services Ltd. (PTS), Preston PR2 5AR, UK
Hayder Al Hawesah: School of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 2ET, UK

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 21, 1-19

Abstract: Cold mix asphalt (CMA) is emerging as an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional hot mix asphalt (HMA). It offers advantages such as lower costs, reduced energy demands, decreased environmental impacts, and improved safety aspects. Among the various types of CMA, the cold bitumen emulsion mixture (CBEM) stands out. The CBEM involves diluting bitumen through emulsification, resulting in lower bitumen viscosity. However, this process has certain drawbacks, including extended setting (curing) times, lower early strength, increased porosity, and susceptibility to moisture. This study focuses on enhancing CBEM properties through the utilization of low-energy heat techniques, such as microwave technology, and the incorporation of a polymeric additive, specifically acrylic. These innovations led to the development of a novel paving technology known as a half-warm bitumen emulsion mixture (HWBEM). The research was conducted in two phases. First, the study assessed the impact of low-energy heating on the CBEM. Subsequently, it explored the combined effects of low-energy heating and the addition of an acrylic polymer. CBEM samples containing ordinary Portland cement (OPC) as an active filler were utilized in the sample manufacturing process. The effectiveness of these techniques in enhancing crack resistance was evaluated by analysing the results of the indirect tensile strength test. Notably, CBEM samples containing an amount of 2.5% of acrylic polymer and OPC exhibited the highest resistance to cracking. Furthermore, significant improvements were observed in their volumetric and mechanical properties, comparable to those of HMA.

Keywords: crack resistance; cold bitumen emulsion mixture; microwave; polymer modified asphalt (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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