Use of the Box–Behnken Experimental Design for the Optimization of Orange II (Acid Orange 7) Adsorption on Aloe vera

María Isabel Aguilar (), Mercedes Lloréns, Juan Francisco Ortuño, Víctor Francisco Meseguer, Ana Belén Pérez-Marín and Alejandro Cases
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María Isabel Aguilar: Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
Mercedes Lloréns: Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
Juan Francisco Ortuño: Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
Víctor Francisco Meseguer: Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
Ana Belén Pérez-Marín: Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
Alejandro Cases: Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 22, 1-22

Abstract: Industrial wastewater effluents containing dyes are considered to pollute and be harmful to the environment. Among the various removal techniques, the adsorption process using low-cost adsorbents has been successfully used to remove pollutants. In this work, Aloe vera leaves (AVs) have been used as adsorbent for the removal of Orange II (O-II). A three-level three-factor Box–Behnken factorial design, including three replicates of center points, was applied to investigate the main parameters affecting the biosorption of O-II dye in aqueous solutions by AVs. The selected parameters were adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration, and contact time. The Box–Behnken experiment design has given a satisfactory result for the optimization of the adsorption process. The obtained value of R 2 (0.9993) shows that the quadratic response model adequately represents the relationship between each response and the chosen variables. The pH influences the adsorption capacity, obtaining at pH 2 the maximum adsorption capacity value. From the kinetic models studied, the one that best describes the adsorption of Orange II on Aloe vera is the Bangham model (ARE = 1.06%). The isotherm model that best represents the experimental data is the Toth model. The maximum adsorption capacity obtained by this model was 15.9 mg·g −1 .

Keywords: Box–Behnken design; Acid Orange 7; adsorption; Aloe vera; dye removal (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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