The Impact of Climate Change on the Water Systems of the Yesil River Basin in Northern Kazakhstan

Anuarbek Kakabayev, Baurzhan Yessenzholov, Abilzhan Khussainov, Javier Rodrigo-Ilarri (), María-Elena Rodrigo-Clavero, Gulmira Kyzdarbekova and Gulzhan Dankina
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Anuarbek Kakabayev: Department of Mining, Construction and Ecology, Sh. Ualikhanov Kokshetau University, Abai Str. 76, Kokshetau 020000, Kazakhstan
Baurzhan Yessenzholov: Department of Mining, Construction and Ecology, Sh. Ualikhanov Kokshetau University, Abai Str. 76, Kokshetau 020000, Kazakhstan
Abilzhan Khussainov: Department of Mining, Construction and Ecology, Sh. Ualikhanov Kokshetau University, Abai Str. 76, Kokshetau 020000, Kazakhstan
Javier Rodrigo-Ilarri: Instituto de Ingeniería del Agua y del Medio Ambiente (IIAMA), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
María-Elena Rodrigo-Clavero: Instituto de Ingeniería del Agua y del Medio Ambiente (IIAMA), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
Gulmira Kyzdarbekova: Department of Mining, Construction and Ecology, Sh. Ualikhanov Kokshetau University, Abai Str. 76, Kokshetau 020000, Kazakhstan
Gulzhan Dankina: Department of Mining, Construction and Ecology, Sh. Ualikhanov Kokshetau University, Abai Str. 76, Kokshetau 020000, Kazakhstan

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 22, 1-18

Abstract: The geographical location of Kazakhstan, situated in the central part of the Eurasian continent, has played a crucial role in shaping a distinctly continental climate. This positioning has led to Kazakhstan facing a significant challenge in terms of water resource availability. The country’s water resources are highly vulnerable to the dual pressures of climate change and human activities. It is noteworthy that the Yesil River basin is the sole region within Kazakhstan’s borders where water resources are predominantly generated, while all other river basins experience substantial outflows beyond the nation’s boundaries. This research undertaking involves a comprehensive analysis of long-term climatic data collected from meteorological stations located within the confines of the Yesil basin in Northern Kazakhstan. Additionally, the study encompasses the computation of water consumption and annual runoff within this region. Historical meteorological observations spanning from 1961 to 2020 reveal notable trends. Most significantly, a 1.2 °C increase in temperature is observed during the spring season. Winters have also become relatively milder and warmer, particularly towards the end of February, where temperatures have shifted from −16.2 °C in the first 30-year period to −14.6 °C in the second period. These findings underscore the ongoing climatic changes within the region, with significant implications for the management and sustainability of water resources in Kazakhstan.

Keywords: climate change; water consumption; annual runoff; water resources sustainability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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