Investigation of Optimum Sustainable Designs for Water Distribution Systems from Multiple Economic, Operational, and Health Perspectives

Mohamed R. Torkomany, Hassan Shokry Hassan, Amin Shoukry, Mohamed Hussein (), Chihiro Yoshimura and Mohamed Elkholy
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Mohamed R. Torkomany: Environmental Engineering Department, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg El Arab City 21934, Alexandria, Egypt
Hassan Shokry Hassan: Environmental Engineering Department, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg El Arab City 21934, Alexandria, Egypt
Amin Shoukry: Computer Science and Engineering Department, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg El Arab City 21934, Alexandria, Egypt
Mohamed Hussein: Department of Building and Real Estate, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
Chihiro Yoshimura: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
Mohamed Elkholy: Irrigation Engineering and Hydraulics Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria 11432, Egypt

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 2, 1-17

Abstract: Optimizing the design of water distribution systems often faces difficulties due to continuous variations in water demands, pressure requirements, and disinfectant concentrations. The complexity of this optimization even increases when trying to optimize both the hydraulic and the water quality design models. Most of the previous works in the literature did not investigate the linkage between both models, either by combining them into one general model or by selecting any representative solution to proceed from one model to another. This work introduces an integrated two-step framework to optimize both designs while investigating the reasonable network configuration selection from the hydraulic design view before proceeding to the water quality design. The framework is mainly based on a modified version of the multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm. The algorithm’s first step is optimizing the hydraulic design of the network by minimizing the system’s capital cost while maximizing the system’s reliability. The second step targets optimizing the water quality design by minimizing both the total consumed chlorine mass and the accumulated differences between actual and maximum chlorine concentrations for all the network junctions. The framework is applied to Safi Network in Yemen. Three scenarios of the water quality design are proposed based on the selected decision variables. The results show a superior performance of the first scenario, based on optimized 24-h multipliers of a chlorine pattern for a flow-paced booster station, compared to the other scenarios in terms of the diversity of final solutions.

Keywords: chlorine dosage; multi-objective optimization; network resilience; particle swarm optimization algorithm; performance metrics; water distribution networks (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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