Experimental Study on Phosphogypsum-Amended Red Mud as Road Base Material

Huajin Wang (), Minglei Shi, Xintao Tian, Changyun Yu and Xuyang Du
Additional contact information
Huajin Wang: School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 211100, China
Minglei Shi: School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 211100, China
Xintao Tian: School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 211100, China
Changyun Yu: School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 211100, China
Xuyang Du: School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 211100, China

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 2, 1-17

Abstract: Red mud is a byproduct of the aluminum oxide refining process that is an industrial waste residue. The storage of red mud can seriously contaminate the soil, water system, and atmosphere while also taking up a lot of valuable land resources. However, the use of stabilized/amended red mud technology in road engineering is relatively limited. Consequently, this research investigates how additives (cement, lime, and phosphogypsum) affect the strength of amended red mud as road base material. Additionally, it examines the effects of dry–wet and freeze–thaw cycles on the UCS, pH, dry density, and evolution of micropore structure in amended red mud with different phosphogypsum content. The findings reveal that, after five dry–wet and freeze–thaw cycles, the samples with 2% phosphogypsum content have a strong assurance rate of more than 85%. The percentage of micropores (0.01–0.1 μm) is reduced, although the percentage of small pores (0.1–1 μm) and medium pores (1–10 μm) is increased by dry–wet and freeze–thaw cycles. The cumulative mercury intake rises as the percentage increases, and the dry–wet cycle has a greater impact on the strength of amended red mud than the freeze–thaw cycle.

Keywords: red mud; phosphogypsum amendment; road base materials; microstructural testing (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/2/1719/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/2/1719/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:2:p:1719-:d:1037742

Access Statistics for this article

Sustainability is currently edited by Ms. Alexandra Wu

More articles in Sustainability from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().