A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of the Effect of Chatbot Technology Use in Sustainable Education

Xinjie Deng and Zhonggen Yu ()
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Xinjie Deng: Faculty of Foreign Studies, Beijing Language and Culture University, Beijing 100083, China
Zhonggen Yu: Faculty of Foreign Studies, Beijing Language and Culture University, Beijing 100083, China

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 4, 1-19

Abstract: The development of artificial intelligence in recent years has promoted the use of chatbot technology in sustainable education. Many studies examined the effect of chatbots on learning outcomes. However, scant studies summarized the effectiveness of chatbots in education. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of chatbot-assisted learning on various components and how different moderator variables influenced the effectiveness. This study, through a meta-analysis, reviewed 32 empirical studies with 2201 participants published between 2010 and 2022. The results showed that chatbot technology exerted a medium-to-high effect on overall learning outcomes regardless of moderator variables, i.e., intervention duration, chatbot roles, and learning content. In terms of learning components, chatbots could significantly improve explicit reasoning, learning achievement, knowledge retention, and learning interest despite negative findings in critical thinking, learning engagement, and motivation. Future research could expand chatbot research by including different learning components.

Keywords: chatbot technology; meta-analysis; learning outcomes; chatbot-assisted learning; sustainable education (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (4)

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