The Influence of Elevation, Land Cover and Vegetation Index on LST Increase in Taiwan from 2000 to 2021

Sahidan Abdulmana (), Matias Garcia-Constantino and Apiradee Lim
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Sahidan Abdulmana: Department of Information Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Fatoni University, Pattani 94000, Thailand
Matias Garcia-Constantino: School of Computing, Ulster University, Belfast BT15 1AP, UK
Apiradee Lim: Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani 94000, Thailand

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 4, 1-12

Abstract: Land Surface Temperature (LST) is an important factor in ground surface energy balance and in universal climatology studies. Elevation, Land Cover (LC), and vegetation index are three factors that influence ground surface variation, and their influences vary depending on geography. This study aimed to: (i) investigate the seasonal patterns and trends of daytime LST, and (ii) examine the influence of elevation, LC, and vegetation index on daytime LST increase in Taiwan from 2000 to 2021. LST, vegetation, and LC data were downloaded from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) website, and elevation data were downloaded from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) website. The natural cubic spline method was applied to investigate annual seasonal patterns and trends in daytime LST. Linear regression modeling was applied to investigate the influence of elevation, LC, and vegetation index on daytime LST increases. The results showed that the average increase in daytime LST per decade in Taiwan was 0.021 °C. Elevation, LC, and vegetation had significantly affected the daytime LST increase, with R 2 of 32.5% and 28.1% for the North and South parts of the country, respectively. The daytime LST increase in the North at elevations higher than 1000 m had an increasing trend, while in the South the increasing trend was found at elevations higher than 350 m above sea level. All types of forest and urban areas in the North had a higher daytime LST increase than the average, while in the South, the areas with water, closed shrubland, and urban parts had a higher daytime LST increase than the average.

Keywords: cubic spline function; elevation; land cover; vegetation index; land surface temperature; linear regression (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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