Stability Analysis of Multi-Layer Highwall Mining: A Sustainable Approach for Thick-Seam Open-Pit Mines

Ya Tian, Lixiao Tu, Xiang Lu (), Wei Zhou, Izhar Mithal Jiskani, Fuming Liu and Qingxiang Cai
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Ya Tian: School of Mines, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
Lixiao Tu: School of Mines, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
Xiang Lu: School of Mines, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
Wei Zhou: State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
Izhar Mithal Jiskani: NUST Balochistan Campus, National University of Sciences & Technology, Quetta 87300, Pakistan
Fuming Liu: Xinjiang Tianchi Energy Sources Co., Ltd., Changji 831100, China
Qingxiang Cai: School of Mines, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 4, 1-19

Abstract: Open-pit mining is a common method for extracting coal, but considerable resources are often left unrecovered at the bottom of end-slopes, leading to a permanent waste of resources. This research presents a sustainable approach of multi-layer highwall mining at different levels to address the issue of abundant resources left unrecovered at the bottom of the end-slope in thick-seam open-pit mines. The interlayer between the upper and lower entries is simplified into a beam structure model, the bending moment distribution characteristics of the beam under a load of highwall miner are analyzed, and a method for calculating the thickness range of the interlayer is proposed. The web pillar width and interlayer thickness, obtained theoretically, are verified through a numerical simulation, and the results of mining a single layer are compared to those of mining multiple layers. The results show that the web pillar width and interlayer thickness derived from the numerical simulation are basically the same as those of the theoretical analysis. Compared with single layer mining, the vertical stress on the web pillar in the lowest panel is reduced by 14.83~18.25%, and the safety factor of the web pillar is increased to 0.27. The web pillars and interlayers at different elevations are stable during multi-layer highwall mining. These findings support the feasibility of multi-layer highwall mining for resource recovery, which is conducive to sustainable mining.

Keywords: highwall mining; multi-layer mining; thick coal seam; beam structure model; coal pillar; safety factor (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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