Deformation State Analysis and Design Method of Bottom-Confined Gravity Retaining Walls

Yuntao Zhou (), Shengwei Shi, Qiang Cai () and Jiong Liang
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Yuntao Zhou: Institute of Exploration Technology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Chengdu 611734, China
Shengwei Shi: Institute of Exploration Technology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Chengdu 611734, China
Qiang Cai: Institute of Exploration Technology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Chengdu 611734, China
Jiong Liang: Institute of Exploration Technology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Chengdu 611734, China

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 5, 1-14

Abstract: The deformation failure modes of gravity retaining walls include overturning, toppling, deep sliding, and eccentric failure. The complex eccentric failure mode, which involves the multi-stage deformation of retaining walls, suffers from a lack of mechanical models and design theories. Based on the basic theory of reinforced concrete construction, this study established a deformation calculation model of bottom-confined reinforced concrete gravity retaining walls (RC-GRWs), which are composed of tensile, compressive, and rigid zones. Then, this study defined RC-GRWs’ normal-operation, cracking, yield, and ultimate limit states, as well as the displacement of RC-GRWs in these states, according to the concrete cracking and steel reinforcement yield conditions. Accordingly, this study proposed a design method and process to determine the deformation of bottom-confined RC-GRWs. A project case shows that the calculation method for RC-GRW deformation proposed in this study can effectively assess the deformation state of in-service retaining walls and that optimized cracked retaining walls can meet the deformation-based design requirements.

Keywords: gravity retaining wall; deformation state; ultimate bearing capacity; retaining wall cracking; design method (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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