Blockchain-Driven Image Encryption Process with Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm for Security in Emerging Virtual Environments

Manal Abdullah Alohali, Mohammed Aljebreen, Fuad Al-Mutiri, Mahmoud Othman, Abdelwahed Motwakel (), Mohamed Ibrahim Alsaid, Amani A. Alneil and Azza Elneil Osman
Additional contact information
Manal Abdullah Alohali: Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
Mohammed Aljebreen: Department of Computer Science, Community College, King Saud University, P.O. Box 28095, Riyadh 11437, Saudi Arabia
Fuad Al-Mutiri: Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, King Khalid University, Muhayil Asir 61913, Saudi Arabia
Mahmoud Othman: Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computers and Information Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
Abdelwahed Motwakel: Department of Information Systems, College of Business Administration in Hawtat bani Tamim, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
Mohamed Ibrahim Alsaid: Department of Computer and Self Development, Preparatory Year Deanship, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
Amani A. Alneil: Department of Computer and Self Development, Preparatory Year Deanship, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
Azza Elneil Osman: Department of Computer and Self Development, Preparatory Year Deanship, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 6, 1-16

Abstract: The real world is bounded by people, hospitals, industries, buildings, businesses, vehicles, cognitive cities, and billions of devices that offer various services and interact with the world. Recent technologies, including AR, VR, XR, and the digital twin concept, provide advanced solutions to create a new virtual world. Due to the ongoing development of information communication technologies and broadcast channels, data security has become a major concern. Blockchain (BC) technology is an open, decentralized, and transparent distributed database that can be maintained by the group. BC’s major features are high credibility, decentralization, transparency, versatility, autonomy, traceability, anonymity, intelligence, reward mechanisms, and irreversibility. This study presents a blockchain-driven image encryption technique using arithmetic optimization with a fractional-order Lorenz system (BDIE-AOFOLS). The BDIE-AOFOLS technique uses the FOLS method, which integrates the Arnold map, tent map, and fractional Lorenz system. Besides this, an arithmetic optimization algorithm (AOA) was carried out for the optimum key generation process to achieve the maximum PSNR value. The design of an AOA-based optimal generation of keys for the FOLS technique determines the novelty of the current work. Moreover, the cryptographical pixel values of the images can be stored securely in the BC, guaranteeing image security. We compared the outcomes of the proposed BDIE-AOFOLS technique against benchmark color images. The comparative analysis demonstrated the improved security efficiency of the BDIE-AOFOLS technique over other approaches, with a mean square error of 0.0430 and a peak signal-to-noise ratio of 61.80 dB.

Keywords: virtual environment; blockchain; image encryption; cybersecurity; key generation; privacy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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