Study on the Adsorption Characteristics of Calcareous Sand for Pb(II), Cu(II) and Cd(II) in Aqueous Solution

Gang Li, Deqiang Yan, Jinli Zhang () and Jia Liu
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Gang Li: Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Safety and Durability of Concrete Structures, Xijing University, Xi’an 710123, China
Deqiang Yan: Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Safety and Durability of Concrete Structures, Xijing University, Xi’an 710123, China
Jinli Zhang: State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
Jia Liu: School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, China

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 6, 1-14

Abstract: The adsorption characteristics of calcareous sand for heavy metals Pb(II), Cu(II) and Cd(II) have been studied by batch testing in this study. The influence of the solid–liquid ratio, initial pH 0 value, ionic strength, reaction time, temperature and initial concentration on adsorption has been investigated. Test results indicate that the initial pH and the solid–liquid ratio have a significant influence on the removal efficiency. At T = 30 °C, r = 1.0 g/L, and C 0 = 1000 mg/L and for 12 h of reaction, the removal efficiencies of Pb(II), Cu(II) and Cd(II) are 97.6%, 88.15% and 65.72%, respectively. The adsorption quantity is more than 80% of the maximum adsorption quantity within 60 min, and the equilibrium adsorption can be reached within 120 min. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model is suitable to simulate the dynamic adsorption process of calcareous sand, and the isothermal process is found to obey the Langmuir model. Calcareous sand has a very high adsorption capacity for Pb(II), Cu(II) and Cd(II), with a maximum adsorption quantity Q m reached 1052.95 mg/g, 1329.84 mg/g and 1050.56 mg/g, respectively. Thermodynamic test results indicate that the adsorption process is spontaneously exothermic and that low temperature is favorable to the adsorption reaction.

Keywords: calcareous sand; heavy metal ions; adsorption; pH; temperature (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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