Mechanical and Environmental Performance of Asphalt Concrete with High Amounts of Recycled Concrete Aggregates (RCA) for Use in Surface Courses of Pavements

Fernando C. G. Martinho (), Hugo M. R. D. Silva, Joel R. M. Oliveira, Caroline F. N. Moura, Carlos D. A. Loureiro, José D. Silvestre and Mafalda M. M. Rodrigues
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Fernando C. G. Martinho: CERENA—Centro de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente, Instituto Superior Técnico, Lisbon University, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
Hugo M. R. D. Silva: ISISE—Institute for Sustainability and Innovation in Structural Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal
Joel R. M. Oliveira: ISISE—Institute for Sustainability and Innovation in Structural Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal
Caroline F. N. Moura: ISISE—Institute for Sustainability and Innovation in Structural Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal
Carlos D. A. Loureiro: ISISE—Institute for Sustainability and Innovation in Structural Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimaraes, Portugal
José D. Silvestre: CERIS—Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability, Instituto Superior Técnico, Lisbon University, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
Mafalda M. M. Rodrigues: Dst, SA.—Domingos da Silva Teixeira, SA., 4700-727 Braga, Portugal

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 16, issue 1, 1-26

Abstract: Using aggregates from alternative sources has been considerably encouraged in recent decades. Reducing the consumption of natural aggregates from quarries (which have a substantial economic, visual, and environmental impact) is increasingly a concern. These needs have led to the broader use of more sustainable aggregates, increasing the incorporation percentages and extending their use to more demanding pavement layers (e.g., surface). In order to prove the efficiency of recycled concrete aggregates (RCAs) under such conditions, the “ CirMat ” project was developed. Among other works and tests, an asphalt concrete (AC) incorporating 52.3% RCA was characterized mechanically and environmentally. Empirical properties were evaluated, including the Marshall test (S = 20.2 kN; F = 2.9 mm) and resistance to permanent deformation (WTS = 0.10 mm/10 3 cycles), as well as a life cycle assessment (LCA), which confirmed that nine indicators were improved (from 1% to 93%). The test samples were taken from mixtures produced in the laboratory and at a plant (after which they were applied on a construction site). Comparing the results with those obtained in a reference AC (with natural aggregates), it was possible to conclude that the performance of the AC with RCAs was very similar. Therefore, the use of these aggregates, at high rates, does not represent additional risks for asphalt mixtures and has lower environmental impacts in most categories.

Keywords: asphalt concrete; environmental product declaration; life cycle assessment; Marshall test; permanent deformation resistance; recycled concrete aggregate; water sensitivity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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