Waterlogged Area Identification Models Based on Object-Oriented Image Analysis and Deep Learning Methods in Sloping Croplands of Northeast China

Peng Xie, Shihang Wang, Meiyan Wang (), Rui Ma, Zhiyuan Tian, Yin Liang and Xuezheng Shi
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Peng Xie: School of Geomatics, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
Shihang Wang: School of Geomatics, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
Meiyan Wang: State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
Rui Ma: State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
Zhiyuan Tian: State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
Yin Liang: State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
Xuezheng Shi: State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China

Sustainability, 2024, vol. 16, issue 10, 1-19

Abstract: Drainage difficulties in the waterlogged areas of sloping cropland not only impede crop development but also facilitate the formation of erosion gullies, resulting in significant soil and water loss. Investigating the distribution of these waterlogged areas is crucial for comprehending the erosion patterns of sloping cropland and preserving black soil resource. In this study, we built varied models based on two stages (one using only deep learning methods and the other combining object-based image analysis (OBIA) with deep learning methods) to identify waterlogged areas using high-resolution remote sensing data. The results showed that the five deep learning models using original remote sensing imagery achieved precision rates varying from 54.6% to 60.9%. Among these models, the DeepLabV3+-Xception model achieved the highest accuracy, as indicated by an F 1- score of 53.4%. The identified imagery demonstrated a significant distinction in the two categories of waterlogged areas: sloping cropland erosion zones and erosion risk areas. The former had obvious borders and fewer misclassifications, exceeding the latter in terms of identification accuracy. Furthermore, the accuracy of the deep learning models was significantly improved when combined with object-oriented image analysis. The DeepLabV3+-MobileNetV2 model achieved the maximum accuracy, with an F 1- score of 59%, which was 6% higher than that of the model using only original imagery. Moreover, this advancement mitigated issues related to boundary blurriness and image noise in the identification process. These results will provide scientific assistance in managing and reducing the impact in these places.

Keywords: high resolution; sloping cropland; waterlogged areas; object-oriented; deep learning (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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