Sustainable CO 2 Refrigeration System for Fish Cold Storage Facility Using a Renewable Integrated System with Solar, Wind and Tidal Energy for Cape Verde—Analyzing Scenarios

João Garcia () and Arian Semedo ()
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João Garcia: Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Polytechnic University of Lisbon, R. Conselheiro Emídio Navarro 1, 1959-007 Lisboa, Portugal
Arian Semedo: Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Polytechnic University of Lisbon, R. Conselheiro Emídio Navarro 1, 1959-007 Lisboa, Portugal

Sustainability, 2024, vol. 16, issue 10, 1-20

Abstract: This study compares four feasible alternative solutions for an integrated cold storage system in the city of Tarrafal, Santiago, Cape Verde. Integrated systems using grid electricity are compared with autonomous systems generating electrical energy from renewable sources, alongside various types of refrigeration facility systems. Its objective is to assess the energy efficiency, financial feasibility, and environmental impact across four scenarios. Scenario 1 utilizes two R134a refrigeration units powered by the public grid. Scenario 2 employs a transcritical R744 (CO 2 ) system using grid electricity. Scenario 3 incorporates R744 and autonomous renewable energy. Scenario 4 employs R744 for refrigeration with seawater heat exchange and autonomous renewable energy sources. The findings favor Scenario 4, emitting 15,882 kg CO 2 eq with a 5-year return on investment. Autonomous electricity production in this scenario reduces emissions by 95%. Despite an initial cost of EUR 769,172.00, Scenario 3 demonstrates financial viability, contributing to energy sustainability. This autonomous production reduces emissions by 360,697 kg CO 2 compared to conventional systems, highlighting the positive impact of local renewable energy integration.

Keywords: CO 2; sustainable refrigeration; solar energy; wind energy; tidal energy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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