Enhancing Heat Removal and H 2 O Retention in Passive Air-Cooled Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells by Altering Flow Field Geometry

Ali M. Mohsen and Ali Basem ()
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Ali M. Mohsen: College of Engineering, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala 56001, Iraq
Ali Basem: College of Engineering, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala 56001, Iraq

Sustainability, 2024, vol. 16, issue 11, 1-17

Abstract: This numerical study presents six three-dimensional (3D) cathode flow field designs for a passive air-cooled polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell to enhance heat removal and H 2 O retention. The data collected are evaluated in terms of water content, average temperature, and current flux density. The proposed cathode flow field designs are a straight baseline channel (Design 1), converging channel (Design 2), diverging channel (Design 3), straight channel with cylindrical pin fins (Design 4), trapezium cross-section channel (Design 5), and semi-circle cross-section channel (Design 6). The lowest cell temperature value of 56.67 °C was obtained for Design 2, while a noticeable water retention improvement of 6.5% was achieved in a semi-circle cathode flow field (Design 5) compared to the baseline channel. However, the current flux density shows a reduction of 0.1% to 1.2%. Nevertheless, those values are relatively small compared to the improvement in the durability of the fuel cell due to heat reduction. Although the modifications to the cathode flow field resulted in only minor improvements, ongoing advancements in fuel cell technology have the potential to make our energy landscape more sustainable. These advancements can help reduce emissions, increase efficiency, integrate renewable energy sources, enhance energy security, and support the transition to a hydrogen-based economy.

Keywords: PEM fuel cell; sustainable energy; hydrogen cell; water retention (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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