Advances in Geochemical Monitoring Technologies for CO 2 Geological Storage

Jianhua Ma, Yongzhang Zhou, Yijun Zheng, Luhao He, Hanyu Wang, Lujia Niu, Xinhui Yu and Wei Cao ()
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Jianhua Ma: School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
Yongzhang Zhou: School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
Yijun Zheng: Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
Luhao He: School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
Hanyu Wang: School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
Lujia Niu: School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
Xinhui Yu: School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
Wei Cao: School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China

Sustainability, 2024, vol. 16, issue 16, 1-24

Abstract: CO 2 geological storage, as a large-scale, low-cost, carbon reduction technology, has garnered widespread attention due to its safety. Monitoring potential leaks is critical to ensuring the safety of the carbon storage system. Geochemical monitoring employs methods such as gas monitoring, groundwater monitoring, tracer monitoring, and isotope monitoring to analyze the reservoir’s storage state and secondary changes after a CO 2 injection. This paper summarizes the recent applications and limitations of geochemical monitoring technologies in CO 2 geological storage. In gas monitoring, the combined monitoring of multiple surface gasses can analyze potential gas sources in the storage area. In water monitoring, pH and conductivity measurements are the most direct, while ion composition monitoring methods are emerging. In tracer monitoring, although artificial tracers are effective, the environmental compatibility of natural tracers provides them with greater development potential. In isotope monitoring, C and O isotopes can effectively reveal gas sources. Future CO 2 geological storage project monitoring should integrate various monitoring methods to comprehensively assess the risk and sources of CO 2 leakage. The incorporation of artificial intelligence, machine learning technologies, and IoT monitoring will significantly enhance the accuracy and intelligence of numerical simulations and baseline monitoring, ensuring the long-term safety and sustainability of CO 2 geological storage projects.

Keywords: CO 2 geological sequestration; geochemical monitoring; IoT monitoring; machine learning (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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