Model Predictive Controlled Parallel Photovoltaic-Battery Inverters Supporting Weak Grid Environment

Fatma Selim, Mokhtar Aly (), Tamer F. Megahed, Masahito Shoyama and Sobhy M. Abdelkader
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Fatma Selim: Electrical Power Engineering, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria 21934, Egypt
Mokhtar Aly: Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Bellavista 7, Santiago 8420524, Chile
Tamer F. Megahed: Electrical Power Engineering, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria 21934, Egypt
Masahito Shoyama: Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-Ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
Sobhy M. Abdelkader: Electrical Power Engineering, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria 21934, Egypt

Sustainability, 2024, vol. 16, issue 17, 1-25

Abstract: The hybrid photovoltaic (PV) with energy storage system (ESS) has become a highly preferred solution to replace traditional fossil-fuel sources, support weak grids, and mitigate the effects of fluctuated PV power. The control of hybrid PV-power systems as generation-storage and their injected active/reactive power for the grid side present critical challenges in optimizing their performance. Therefore, this paper introduces hybrid PV-battery parallel inverters employing a finite control set model predictive control (FCSMPC) method. The proposed FCSMPC-based controller and inverter system achieves multiple functionalities, including maximum power extraction from PV, proper charging/discharging commands for ESS, support for weak grid conditions, support during low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) by increasing reactive power injection to counteract the drop in grid voltage, and economic management based on feed-in-tariff (FiT). The controller significantly improves the performance of the PV-battery system under faulty LVRT conditions and unbalanced grid voltages, satisfying grid code requirements while continuously supplying the microgrid’s delicate local load. A real-time simulation hardware-in-the-loop (HiL) setup, utilizing the OPAL-RT platform, is employed to implement the proposed hybrid PV–ESS with its controller. The results affirm the superior ability of FCSMPC in weak-grid conditions and its capability to achieve multiple objectives simultaneously.

Keywords: energy storage system (ESS); feed-in-tariffs (FiTs); model predictive control (MPC); multilevel inverter; photovoltaic (PV) (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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