Second Life for Lithium-Ion Traction Batteries

Lea H. Guenther, Volker Klein, Georg Loef, André Pohl, Haimanot Okube, Ralf Winterbur, Georg Röwer, Bianca Wegener, Roland Goertz and Stefan Bracke ()
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Lea H. Guenther: Reliability Engineering and Risk Analytics, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
Volker Klein: Be-Power GmbH, 35463 Fernwald, Germany
Georg Loef: Be-Power GmbH, 35463 Fernwald, Germany
André Pohl: Hellmann Process Management GmbH & Co. KG, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
Haimanot Okube: Hellmann Process Management GmbH & Co. KG, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
Ralf Winterbur: Röwer Sicherheits- und Gebäudetechnik GmbH, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
Georg Röwer: Röwer Sicherheits- und Gebäudetechnik GmbH, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
Bianca Wegener: Chemical Safety and Fire Defence, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
Roland Goertz: Chemical Safety and Fire Defence, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
Stefan Bracke: Reliability Engineering and Risk Analytics, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany

Sustainability, 2024, vol. 16, issue 17, 1-27

Abstract: For the reuse of traction batteries, many different scenarios exist, for example, stationary storage farms or fast charging stations. Another second-life usage scenario is the reuse of batteries as home energy storage in combination with a photovoltaic installation in a private household. This application is the focus of the present study. Home energy storage is a reasonable possibility for storing renewable energy and conserving resources, but it also includes multiple challenges regarding reliability and safety requirements. Within this study, these challenges are investigated. A battery inspection concept was developed, and a logistic model for considering the legal requirements was created. Data from different use cases were selected, and their structure was homogenized. To assess their safety, fire tests were performed. In addition, a concept for a reliability assessment that provides the possibility to evaluate the suitability of a battery for a second-life application based on usage data in its first life was developed. Based on the results, a prototype of a second-life storage system was built from traction battery cells removed from electric vehicles. This prototype is currently used to store energy from a photovoltaic system, and its usage data were collected.

Keywords: lithium-ion batteries; traction batteries; second life; safety; reliability; use case (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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