Review of Uncertainty, Carbon Emissions, Greenness Index, and Quality Issues in Green Supply Chains

Sima Ghayebloo (), Uday Venkatadri, Claver Diallo, Christian N. Samuel and Mir Saman Pishvaee
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Sima Ghayebloo: Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Zanjan, Zanjan P.O. Box 45371-38791, Iran
Uday Venkatadri: Department of Industrial Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
Claver Diallo: Department of Industrial Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
Christian N. Samuel: Department of Industrial Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
Mir Saman Pishvaee: School of Industrial Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran P.O. Box 16846-13114, Iran

Sustainability, 2024, vol. 16, issue 21, 1-42

Abstract: The ability of closed-loop supply chains (CLSC) and reverse logistics (RL) to improve the triple bottom line (economic, social and environmental values) has increased the development of design and management models for CLSCs and RL. Consequently, there exists an extensive body of literature dedicated to exploring these supply and logistics issues. This paper reviews recent and relevant literature on CLSC and RL with an emphasis on uncertainty, carbon emissions, greenness index, return product quality and reliability considerations. The selected references are organized, reviewed, and analyzed to establish valuable mapping to highlight major findings. Finally, the outcomes are synthesized, and the primary research gaps are emphasized, pointing toward potential avenues for future investigation. These findings reveal that research efforts must be directed towards the development of multi-criteria greenness indices and multi-objective robust optimization models for uncertain quality and reliability of returns.

Keywords: closed-loop supply chain; reverse logistics; uncertainty; return product quality and reliability; carbon emissions; greenness index (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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