Exploring the Relationship Among Ethical Leadership, Psychological Safety, Conflict Management Strategies, and Job Performance: The Moderating Role of Inclusive Environment

Sher Bano, Jizu Li () and Muhammad Imran
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Sher Bano: School of Economics and Management, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030000, China
Jizu Li: School of Economics and Management, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030000, China
Muhammad Imran: School of Economics and Management, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030000, China

Sustainability, 2024, vol. 16, issue 22, 1-17

Abstract: This study examines the relationship between ethical leadership (EL), psychological safety (PS), conflict management strategies (CMSs), job performance, and the moderating role of an inclusive environment in non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Pakistan. Data for this research were collected through quantitative means from NGOs operating in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. A total of 170 employees from NGOs (females = 44.7%, males = 55.3%) completed the ethical leadership, psychological safety, conflict management strategies, inclusive environment, and job performance scales. We applied structural equation modeling (SEM) for analysis. As compared with previously conducted studies, the findings determined an insignificant moderating role of an inclusive environment. Social identity theory was utilized to delve deeper into the categorization of ingroups and outgroups within the organizations. The implications of this study extend to both researchers and practitioners. Future research will include an exploration of the effectiveness of organizational interventions.

Keywords: ethical leadership; psychological safety; inclusive environment; conflict management strategies; job performance; NGOs; Gilgit-Baltistan; Pakistan (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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