Preparation of Lignin-Based Slow-Release Nitrogen Fertilizer

Yiru Zhang, Gaojie Jiao, Jian Wang () and Diao She ()
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Yiru Zhang: Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
Gaojie Jiao: College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
Jian Wang: Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
Diao She: Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China

Sustainability, 2024, vol. 16, issue 23, 1-13

Abstract: Slow-release nitrogen fertilizer technology is essential for sustainable agriculture, reducing field pollution and enhancing fertilizer efficiency. Lignin, a natural polymer derived from agricultural and forestry waste, offers unique benefits for slow-release fertilizers due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability and low cost. Unlike conventional biochar-based fertilizers that often rely on simple pyrolysis, this study employs hydrothermal activation to create a lignin-based slow-release nitrogen fertilizer (LSRF) with enhanced nutrient retention and controlled release capabilities. By incorporating porous carbon derived from industrial alkaline lignin, this LSRF not only improves soil fertility, but also reduces nitrogen loss and environmental contamination, addressing key limitations in existing fertilizer technologies. We studied the hydrothermal carbonization and chemical activation of IAL, optimizing the conditions for producing LSRF by adjusting the ratios of PC, IAL and urea. Using BET, SEM and FT-IR analyses, we characterized the PC, finding a high specific surface area of 1935.5 m 2 /g. A selected PC sample with 1923.51 m 2 /g surface area and 0.82 cm 3 /g pore volume and yield (37.59%) was combined with urea via extrusion granulation to create the LSRF product. Soil column leaching experiments showed that LSRF effectively controls nutrient release, reducing nitrogen loss and groundwater contamination, ensuring long-term crop nutrition. This research demonstrates LSRF’s potential in improving fertilizer efficiency and promoting sustainable agriculture globally.

Keywords: lignin; biochar; leaching test; slow-release nitrogen fertilizer (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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