Evaluation of the Antioxidant Properties of Black Acacia ( Acacia mearnsii ) Tannin in Vulcanized Natural Rubber Using Different Vulcanization Systems

Matheus da Silva Filgueira, Leandro Ferreira Pinto, Carlos Toshiyuki Hiranobe, Amanda de Sousa Martinez de Freitas, Jéssica de Souza Rodrigues, André Luis de Oliveira, Marystela Ferreira, Samara Araújo Kawall, Dener da Silva Souza, Erivaldo Antonio da Silva, Eduardo Soares Nascimento, Michael Jones da Silva, Flávio Camargo Cabrera, Elmer Mateus Gennaro and Renivaldo José dos Santos ()
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Matheus da Silva Filgueira: Department of Engineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus of Rosana, Avenida dos Barrageiros, Rosana 19274-000, SP, Brazil
Leandro Ferreira Pinto: Department of Engineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus of Rosana, Avenida dos Barrageiros, Rosana 19274-000, SP, Brazil
Carlos Toshiyuki Hiranobe: Department of Engineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus of Rosana, Avenida dos Barrageiros, Rosana 19274-000, SP, Brazil
Amanda de Sousa Martinez de Freitas: Science and Technology Center for Sustainability, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus of Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos, Sorocaba 18052-780, SP, Brazil
Jéssica de Souza Rodrigues: Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus of Sorocaba, Avenida Três de Março, Sorocaba 18087-180, SP, Brazil
André Luis de Oliveira: Science and Technology Center for Sustainability, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus of Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos, Sorocaba 18052-780, SP, Brazil
Marystela Ferreira: Science and Technology Center for Sustainability, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus of Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos, Sorocaba 18052-780, SP, Brazil
Samara Araújo Kawall: Department of Engineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus of Rosana, Avenida dos Barrageiros, Rosana 19274-000, SP, Brazil
Dener da Silva Souza: Department of Engineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus of Rosana, Avenida dos Barrageiros, Rosana 19274-000, SP, Brazil
Erivaldo Antonio da Silva: Department of Cartographic and Surveying Engineering, School of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente Campus, Rua Roberto Simonsen, Presidente Prudente 19060-900, SP, Brazil
Eduardo Soares Nascimento: Department of Cartographic and Surveying Engineering, School of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente Campus, Rua Roberto Simonsen, Presidente Prudente 19060-900, SP, Brazil
Michael Jones da Silva: Department of Engineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus of Rosana, Avenida dos Barrageiros, Rosana 19274-000, SP, Brazil
Flávio Camargo Cabrera: Department of Engineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus of Rosana, Avenida dos Barrageiros, Rosana 19274-000, SP, Brazil
Elmer Mateus Gennaro: Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Engineering School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Avenida Profª Isette Corrêa Fontão, São João da Boa Vista 13876-750, SP, Brazil
Renivaldo José dos Santos: Department of Engineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus of Rosana, Avenida dos Barrageiros, Rosana 19274-000, SP, Brazil

Sustainability, 2024, vol. 16, issue 24, 1-27

Abstract: Given the growing interest of the rubber industry in seeking alternatives that contribute to environmental sustainability, this work aims to present a study of the mechanical, thermal, and structural properties of natural rubber composites using tannin extracted from Acacia mearnsii as an antioxidant agent. Tannin is a natural and biodegradable product, rich in polyphenols and known for its antioxidant properties. The analyses assessed the effectiveness of incorporating tannins (0, 1, 1.5, and 2 parts per hundred rubber) into sulfur-crosslinked natural rubber composites using a binary accelerator system across three distinct vulcanization schemes: conventional, semi-efficient, and efficient. Initially, tannin characterization tests were conducted, revealing characteristic polyphenol bands of proanthocyanidin catechins, a high total phenolic content, and a substantial reduction in antioxidant activity. These findings highlight the significant antioxidant potential of tannins, particularly for industrial and biological applications. The analyses of the characteristics of natural rubber composites with tannin incorporation indicated that the type of vulcanization process directly affects the antioxidant action of the plant tannin, with the tannins being most effective in the efficient system due to the formation of monosulfidic and disulfidic bonds. Furthermore, the incorporation of tannin did not compromise the physical and chemical properties of the materials, highlighting it as a viable additive for the rubber industry.

Keywords: black acacia; antioxidant; photodegradation; vulcanization systems; tannin (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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