Breastfeeding in the First Year of Life: The Situation in Romania in the European Context

Denisa Andreea Bacalu, Cecilia Lazea, Simona Mirel, Ovidiu-Petru Stan and Lucia Maria Lotrean ()
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Denisa Andreea Bacalu: Department of Community Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Cecilia Lazea: Department of Pediatrics, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400370 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Simona Mirel: Department of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Ovidiu-Petru Stan: Faculty of Automation and Computer Science, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 400114 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Lucia Maria Lotrean: Department of Community Medicine, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania

Sustainability, 2024, vol. 16, issue 2, 1-25

Abstract: (1) Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is not only the cornerstone of a child’s healthy development, but it is also the most economical and planet-friendly way to feed an infant. This study aims to assess the current situation regarding breastfeeding in Romania. (2) Method: The authors searched five databases using the search terms “breastfeeding OR lactation” AND Romania. Studies have been limited to those published in English since 2000. In vitro animal studies, case studies, reviews, meta-analyses, book chapters, and guidelines were excluded. (3) Results: 19 studies were included in the final review. For the purpose of this systematic review, studies were subgrouped into studies on attitudes, practices, and behaviors regarding breastfeeding and the composition of human milk. This review demonstrates a slight tendency to increase interest in breastfeeding in Romania in the last years. Interventional studies conducted so far included mainly urban populations with good socioeconomic levels and a high level of education. Studies about the impact of early intervention in maternal education concluded that the level of education is positively correlated with the interest in education regarding breastfeeding. On the other hand, the Romanian population has similar characteristics to the European population in terms of the factors that influence human milk composition. (4) Conclusions: The review underlines strengths and weaknesses of the Romanian situation regarding breastfeeding and makes recommendations for future directions for research and health education.

Keywords: breastfeeding; infant; educational status; Romania; health knowledge; human milk; climate change; environmental sustainability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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