Advanced Frequency Control Technique Using GTO with Balloon Effect for Microgrids with Photovoltaic Source to Lower Harmful Emissions and Protect Environment

Mahmoud M. Hussein, Mohamed Nasr Abdel Hamid, Tarek Hassan Mohamed, Ibrahim M. Al-Helal (), Abdullah Alsadon and Ammar M. Hassan ()
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Mahmoud M. Hussein: Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, Egypt
Mohamed Nasr Abdel Hamid: Steel Applications, El Sewedy Electric, Cairo 11431, Egypt
Tarek Hassan Mohamed: Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, Egypt
Ibrahim M. Al-Helal: Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Abdullah Alsadon: Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Ammar M. Hassan: Department of Computer Science, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, South Valley Branch, Aswan 81516, Egypt

Sustainability, 2024, vol. 16, issue 2, 1-20

Abstract: Renewable energy (RE) resources such as wind and PV solar power are crucial for transitioning to carbon-free and sustainable energy systems, especially for agricultural and domestic applications in the desert and rural areas. However, implementing RE resources may lead to frequency penetrations, especially in isolated microgrids (µGs). This study proposes an adaptive load frequency control (LFC) technique for power systems. An integral controller can be tuned online using an artificial gorilla troops optimization algorithm (GTO), which is supported using a balloon effect (BE) identifier. Adaptive control is used to control the system frequency in case of variable loads and fluctuation due to 6 MW photovoltaic (PV). Three other optimization methods have been compared with the GTO + BE technique, namely the Grey Wolf Optimization method (GWO), the standard artificial gorilla troops optimization (GTO) and the Jaya technique. Digital simulation tests approved the efficiency of (GTO + BE) during system difficulties such as load disturbance and system parameter variations. In addition, the same test conditions have been repeated using a real-time simulation platform. The real-time simulation results supported the digital outcomes.

Keywords: load frequency control (LFC); microgrid (MGs); artificial gorilla troops optimization algorithm (GTO); balloon effect (BE); grey wolf optimization (GWO) (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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