Exploring Energy Security and Independence for Small Energy Users: A Latvian Case Study on Unleashing Stirling Engine Potential

Janis Kramens, Oskars Svedovs (), Amanda Sturmane, Edgars Vigants, Vladimirs Kirsanovs and Dagnija Blumberga
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Janis Kramens: Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Riga Technical University, Āzenes Street 12/1, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
Oskars Svedovs: Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Riga Technical University, Āzenes Street 12/1, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
Amanda Sturmane: Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Riga Technical University, Āzenes Street 12/1, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
Edgars Vigants: Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Riga Technical University, Āzenes Street 12/1, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
Vladimirs Kirsanovs: Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Riga Technical University, Āzenes Street 12/1, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
Dagnija Blumberga: Institute of Energy Systems and Environment, Riga Technical University, Āzenes Street 12/1, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia

Sustainability, 2024, vol. 16, issue 3, 1-27

Abstract: Nowadays, energy systems are continuously impacted by external and internal conditions. The worldwide events of recent years have led to the need to consider not only the requirements for moving towards climate neutrality but also the security and independence of energy supply when creating new or transforming existing energy systems. The aim of this study was to answer the question of whether there is a possibility of transforming the energy supply process by promoting increased energy security and independence while not reducing energy demand, as well as creating high economic and environmental indicators. The research focuses on developing alternative scenarios for further decision-making studies by introducing modern energy technologies. Scenarios are analysed using the complex method developed, which includes three main steps: assessing the current situation, identifying available technologies, and assessing alternatives. The results suggest that Stirling’s technology can provide 100% energy independence for individual energy consumers. At the same time, thanks to the combination of Stirling technology and solar technologies, there is an opportunity to reduce emissions and energy production costs, but capital investment is increasing.

Keywords: energy security; sustainable development; energy consumption reduction; energy technologies; Stirling engine; specific energy cost; emissions (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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