The Effect of CuO on the Thermal Behavior and Combustion Features of Pyrotechnic Compositions with AN/MgAl

Tlek Ketegenov, Rashid Nadirov, Bagdat Teltayev, Bagdatgul Milikhat, Bakhyt Kalmuratova, Hori Keiichi and Kaster Kamunur ()
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Tlek Ketegenov: Institute of Combustion Problems, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan
Rashid Nadirov: Institute of Combustion Problems, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan
Bagdat Teltayev: Institute of Combustion Problems, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan
Bagdatgul Milikhat: Institute of Combustion Problems, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan
Bakhyt Kalmuratova: Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
Hori Keiichi: Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
Kaster Kamunur: Institute of Combustion Problems, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan

Sustainability, 2024, vol. 16, issue 4, 1-14

Abstract: Ammonium nitrate (AN) is of considerable interest to researchers in developing new types of energetic mixtures due to the release of environmentally benign gaseous products during burning and thermal decomposition. However, poor ignition and a low burning rate require special additives to speed up this process. The advantage of this research is the use of high-energy aluminum-based alloys as fuel to compensate for the disadvantages of AN. In addition, the effect of copper oxide (CuO) on the burning kinetics and thermodynamics of the energetic mixture based on ammonium nitrate–magnesium–aluminum alloys (AN/MgAl) is investigated. Alloys based on aluminum were created through a process of high-temperature diffusion welding, conducted in an environment of argon gas. The structure and thermal characteristics of alloys are determined by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and DTA-TG analyses. It has been found that CuO has significant effects on the thermal decomposition of an AN/MgAl-based energetic mixture by shifting the decomposition temperature from 269.33 °C to 261.34 °C and decreasing the activation energy from 91.41 kJ mol −1 to 89.26 kJ mol −1 . Adding CuO reduced the pressure deflagration limit from 2 MPa to 1 MPa, and the linear burning rate of the AN/MgAl energetic mixture increased approximately twice (r b = 6.17 mm/s vs. r b = 15.44 mm/s, at a chamber pressure of P 0 = 5 MPa).

Keywords: ammonium nitrate; Mg–Al alloys; copper oxide; burning rate; pyrotechnic mixtures (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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