Impact of the Citrus Industry on the Water Quality of the Filobobos River in Veracruz, Mexico

Luis Carlos Sandoval Herazo, Humberto Raymundo González-Moreno, Luis Guillermo Carreto-Hernandez, Florentina Zurita, Graciela Nani, Sergio Zamora, Mayerlin Sandoval-Herazo () and Georgina Martínez-Reséndiz ()
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Luis Carlos Sandoval Herazo: Wetlands and Environmental Sustainability Laboratory, Division of Graduate Studies and Research, Tecnológico Nacional de México/ITS de Misantla, Km. 1.8 Carretera a Loma del Cojolite, Misantla 93821, Veracruz, Mexico
Humberto Raymundo González-Moreno: Division of Graduate Studies and Research, Tecnológico Nacional de Mexico/ITS de Misantla, Km. 1.8 Carretera a la Loma del Cojolite, Misantla 93821, Veracruz, Mexico
Luis Guillermo Carreto-Hernandez: Tecnológico Nacional de México, Centro Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Interior Internado Palmira s/n, Colonia Palmira, Cuernavaca 62490, Morelos, Mexico
Florentina Zurita: Environmental Quality Research Center, Centro Universitario de la Cienega, University of Guadalajara, Ocotlan 47820, Jalisco, Mexico
Graciela Nani: Wetlands and Environmental Sustainability Laboratory, Division of Graduate Studies and Research, Tecnológico Nacional de México/ITS de Misantla, Km. 1.8 Carretera a Loma del Cojolite, Misantla 93821, Veracruz, Mexico
Sergio Zamora: Facultad de Ingeniería, Construcción y Hábitat, Universidad Veracruzana, Bv. Adolfo Ruíz Cortines 455, Costa Verde, Boca del Rio 94294, Veracruz, Mexico
Mayerlin Sandoval-Herazo: Wetlands and Environmental Sustainability Laboratory, Division of Graduate Studies and Research, Tecnológico Nacional de México/ITS de Misantla, Km. 1.8 Carretera a Loma del Cojolite, Misantla 93821, Veracruz, Mexico
Georgina Martínez-Reséndiz: Wetlands and Environmental Sustainability Laboratory, Division of Graduate Studies and Research, Tecnológico Nacional de México/ITS de Misantla, Km. 1.8 Carretera a Loma del Cojolite, Misantla 93821, Veracruz, Mexico

Sustainability, 2024, vol. 16, issue 4, 1-20

Abstract: Veracruz, Mexico, boasts abundant water resources. However, the region is facing challenges stemming from population growth and industrial expansion, leading to a notable increase in wastewater discharge into surface water bodies. This discharge has resulted in significant alterations to water quality. In this study, we analyzed the water quality in the Bobos River, Veracruz, with a focus on sustainability. A total of 12 samples were collected from various points along the reservoir. Parameters including temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), conductivity, total nitrogen (TN), nitrate, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorus (TP), phosphate, dissolved solids (DSs), and fecal coliforms (FCs) were measured and analyzed. The pH levels ranged from slightly acidic (6.40 ± 0.71) to slightly alkaline (8.65 ± 0.07), with the lowest dissolved oxygen concentration recorded at 0.15 ± 0.07 mg L −1 . Conductivity varied between 0.26 and 3.81 mS. Total nitrogen concentrations ranged from 0.21 ± 3.8 to 0.491 ± 1.3 mg L −1 . Dissolved solid concentrations were measured at 0.39 ± 0.05 mg L −1 , while the final sampling point exhibited elevated values for temperature, nitrate, chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, and coliforms (30.35 ± 0.21 °C, 0.35, 389.00 ± 11.31, 13.20 ± 0.85 mg L −1 , and 3.2 × 105 ± 3.707107 × 10 4 , respectively). To address these concerning trends and safeguard public health and environmental integrity, the implementation of continuous monitoring and stringent control measures is imperative.

Keywords: water pollution; Bobos River; physicochemical parameters; urban development; industrial development (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
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