Experimental Investigations of the Hydrogen Injectors on the Combustion Characteristics and Performance of a Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine

Min Huang, Qinghe Luo, Baigang Sun, Shiwei Zhang, Kangda Wang, Lingzhi Bao (), Qian Li, Xuelin Tang and Wei Deng
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Min Huang: School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Qinghe Luo: School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Baigang Sun: School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Shiwei Zhang: School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Kangda Wang: School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Lingzhi Bao: School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Qian Li: New Powertrain R&D Institute, Chongqing Changan Automobile Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401133, China
Xuelin Tang: New Powertrain R&D Institute, Chongqing Changan Automobile Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401133, China
Wei Deng: New Powertrain R&D Institute, Chongqing Changan Automobile Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401133, China

Sustainability, 2024, vol. 16, issue 5, 1-20

Abstract: Hydrogen is regarded as an ideal zero-carbon fuel for an internal combustion engine. However, the low mass flow rate of the hydrogen injector and the low volume heat value of the hydrogen strongly restrict the enhancement of the hydrogen engine performance. This experimental study compared the effects of single-injectors and double-injectors on the engine performance, combustion pressure, heat release rate, and the coefficient of variation ( CoV IMEP ) based on a single-cylinder 0.5 L port fuel injection hydrogen engine. The results indicated that the number of hydrogen injectors significantly influences the engine performance. The maximum brake power is improved from 4.3 kW to 6.12 kW when adding the injector. The test demonstrates that the utilization of the double-injector leads to a reduction in hydrogen obstruction in the intake manifold, consequently minimizing the pumping losses. The pump mean effective pressure decreased from −0.049 MPa in the single-injector condition to −0.029 MPa in the double-injector condition with the medium loads. Furthermore, the double-injector exhibits excellent performance in reducing the coefficient of variation. The maximum CoV IMEP decreased from 2.18% in the single-injector configuration to 1.92% in the double-injector configuration. This result provides new insights for optimizing hydrogen engine injector design and optimizing the combustion process.

Keywords: hydrogen internal combustion engine; hydrogen injector; engine performance; combustion characteristics; coefficient of variation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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