Measuring the Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) Levels of Pakistani Megacities for TOD Application: A Case Study of Lahore

Ayesha Anwar (), Hong Leng (), Humayun Ashraf and Alina Haider
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Ayesha Anwar: School of Architecture and Design, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Hong Leng: School of Architecture and Design, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
Humayun Ashraf: Department of Geography, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
Alina Haider: Department of Architecture, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan

Sustainability, 2024, vol. 16, issue 5, 1-34

Abstract: The urbanization challenges in the megacities of Pakistan necessitate the implementation of comprehensive sustainable development practices to effectively address contemporary urban issues. Transit-oriented development (TOD) is a globally accepted device in achieving sustainable urban development through transport and land use integration. Evaluating the levels of TOD built in present conditions is essential for productive TOD planning, as it enables the prioritization of development interferences. In this context, we utilized a methodology to evaluate the levels of TOD (TOD-ness) present near transportation nodes through a TOD index. It utilizes ArcGIS and spatial multi-criteria analysis (SMCA) to determine the extent of TOD-supporting qualities around a transit node and identifies areas for potential improvements in transit orientation. The methodology was executed in the megacity of Lahore, situated in Pakistan. A TOD index was computed for areas surrounding the 26 LRT and 27 BRT stations along two existing corridors. The findings suggest that the TOD concept is feasible for Pakistani megacities, and urban decision makers can utilize the TOD index results to facilitate urban- or regional-level planning, funding, and investment policies. Furthermore, these findings offer valuable insights into the transportation obstacles and potential opportunities in similar developing cities in South Asia.

Keywords: megacities; sustainable development; spatial multi-criteria analysis (SMCA); transit-oriented development (TOD); TOD index; TOD-ness (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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