Biofuels Induced Land Use Change Emissions: The Role of Implemented Land Use Emission Factors

Farzad Taheripour (), Steffen Mueller, Isaac Emery, Omid Karami, Ehsanreza Sajedinia, Qianlai Zhuang and Michael Wang
Additional contact information
Farzad Taheripour: Department of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
Steffen Mueller: Energy Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
Isaac Emery: WSP USA, Inc., Seattle, WA 98154, USA
Ehsanreza Sajedinia: Department of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
Qianlai Zhuang: Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
Michael Wang: Systems Assessment Center, Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Systems and Infrastructure Analysis Division, Lemont, IL 60439, USA

Sustainability, 2024, vol. 16, issue 7, 1-14

Abstract: Biofuels’ induced land-use change (ILUC) emissions have been widely studied over the past 15 years. Many studies have addressed uncertainties associated with these estimates. These studies have broadly examined uncertainties associated with the choice of economic models, their assumptions and parameters, and a few bio-physical variables. However, uncertainties in land-use emission factors that represent the soil and vegetation carbon contents of various land types across the world and are used to estimate carbon fluxes due to land conversions are mostly overlooked. This paper calls attention to this important omission. It highlights some important sources of uncertainty in land-use emissions factors, explores the range in these factors from established data sources, and compares the influence of their variability on ILUC emissions for several sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) pathways. The estimated land-use changes for each pathway are taken from a well-known computable general equilibrium model, GTAP-BIO. Two well-known carbon calculator models (CCLUB and AEZ-EF) that represent two different sets of emissions factors are used to convert the GTAP-BIO estimated land-use changes to ILUC emissions. The results show that the calculated ILUC emissions obtained from these carbon calculators for each examined SAF pathway are largely different, even for the same amortization time horizon. For example, the ILUC emissions values obtained from the AEZ-EF and CCLUB models for producing jet fuel from corn ethanol for a 25-year amortization period are 24.9 gCO 2 e/MJ and 15.96 gCO 2 e/MJ, respectively. This represents a 60% difference between the results of these two carbon calculators for the same set of land-use changes. The results show larger differences for other pathways as well.

Keywords: biofuels; ILUC; emission factors; uncertainties (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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