The Application of Rice Straw with Reduced N Fertilizer Improves the Rice Yield While Decreasing Environmental N Losses in Southern China

Han Liu, Tingting Ma, Li Wan, Guopeng Zhou, Anfan Zhu, Xiaofen Chen () and Jia Liu ()
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Han Liu: Soil and Fertilizer & Resources and Environment Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
Tingting Ma: Soil and Fertilizer & Resources and Environment Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
Li Wan: Soil and Fertilizer & Resources and Environment Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
Guopeng Zhou: College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Anfan Zhu: Agricultural Technology Promotion Center of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330046, China
Xiaofen Chen: Soil and Fertilizer & Resources and Environment Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
Jia Liu: Soil and Fertilizer & Resources and Environment Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China

Sustainability, 2024, vol. 16, issue 7, 1-13

Abstract: To investigate the effects of straw residues with reduced nitrogen (N) fertilizer on greenhouse gas (GHG) and N losses in paddy fields, we conducted a field experiment during two growing seasons in paddy rice systems in southern China to evaluate the impacts of the application of straw residues with reduced N fertilizer on rice yield, GHG emissions, and ammonia (NH 3 ) volatilization. The four treatments included N100 (conventional dose of N fertilizer), SN100 (conventional dose of N fertilizer + straw), N60 (60% of the conventional dose of N fertilizer), and SN60 (60% of the conventional dose of N fertilizer + straw). We found that the yield of the SN60 treatment was slightly reduced, but the partial factor productivity of applied N (PFP N ) was significantly increased by 63.9% compared to the N100 treatment. At the same N application rate, the application of straw increased soil organic C (SOC), methane (CH 4 ) emissions, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions, global warming potential (GWP), greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI), and net ecosystem carbon budget (NECB), but significantly decreased soil N 2 O emissions and NH 3 volatilization. Compared with conventional fertilization (N100), straw residues with reduced N fertilization (SN60) reduced N 2 O emissions and NH 3 volatilization by 42.1% and 23.9%, and increased GHGI and NECB by 11.1% and 18.3%, respectively. The results indicate that straw residues with reduced N fertilizer are a feasible strategy to reduce N losses in paddy fields while increasing carbon sequestration.

Keywords: greenhouse gases; NH 3 volatilization; net ecosystem carbon budget; rice yield (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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