Multidimensional Evaluation Model for Sustainable and Smart Urban Mobility in Global South Cities: A Citizen-Centred Comprehensive Framework

Diana Angarita-Lozano (), Darío Hidalgo-Guerrero, Sonia Díaz-Márquez, María Morales-Puentes and Miguel Angel Mendoza-Moreno
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Diana Angarita-Lozano: Faculty of Engineering, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja 150003, Colombia
Darío Hidalgo-Guerrero: Faculty of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110311, Colombia
Sonia Díaz-Márquez: Faculty of Engineering, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja 150003, Colombia
María Morales-Puentes: Faculty of Science, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja 150003, Colombia
Miguel Angel Mendoza-Moreno: Faculty of Engineering, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja 150003, Colombia

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 10, 1-26

Abstract: Dealing with the challenge of urban sustainability, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic, requires a holistic approach to urban mobility planning. While numerous mobility assessment frameworks exist for developed regions, there remains a significant gap in methodologies adapted to Global South contexts because they do not incorporate governance dimensions and citizen perspectives. This research addresses this gap by developing and validating a comprehensive assessment framework that extends beyond the traditional sustainability triad to include governance aspects. Our research question explores how a hybrid evaluation approach combining objective measurements with subjective citizen perceptions can enhance mobility assessments in resource-constrained environments. The proposed model comprises four dimensions (environmental, social, economic, and governance), eight sub-dimensions, and thirty-six indicators, with weights assigned through the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) by diverse mobility experts. The methodology was validated in two intermediate Colombian cities, demonstrating its applicability in contexts with limited availability of data. The results highlight gaps in mobility policies due to discrepancies between official measurements and citizen perceptions. This assessment framework offers a practical instrument for urban mobility decision-makers in Global South cities, enabling evidence-based prioritization while ensuring that citizen needs remain central to sustainable transportation planning.

Keywords: citizen participation; indicators; mobility assessment; smart mobility; sustainable mobility (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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