Low-Carbon Optimal Operation Strategy of Multi-Energy Multi-Microgrid Electricity–Hydrogen Sharing Based on Asymmetric Nash Bargaining

Hang Wang, Qunli Wu and Huiling Guo ()
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Hang Wang: CHN Energy Investment Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100011, China
Qunli Wu: Department of Economics and Management, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China
Huiling Guo: Department of Economics and Management, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 10, 1-31

Abstract: The cooperative interconnection of multi-microgrid systems offers significant advantages in enhancing energy utilization efficiency and economic performance, providing innovative pathways for promoting sustainable development. To establish a fair energy trading mechanism for electricity–hydrogen sharing within multi-energy multi-microgrid (MEMG) systems, this study first analyzes the operational architecture of MEMG energy sharing and establishes a multi-energy coordinated single-microgrid model integrating electricity, heat, natural gas, and hydrogen. To achieve low-carbon operation, carbon capture systems (CCSs) and power-to-gas (P2G) units are incorporated into conventional combined heat and power (CHP) systems. Subsequently, an asymmetric Nash bargaining-based optimization framework is proposed to coordinate the MEMG network, which decomposes the problem into two subproblems: (1) minimizing the total operational cost of MEMG networks, and (2) maximizing payment benefits through fair benefit allocation. Notably, Subproblem 2 employs the energy trading volume of individual microgrids as bargaining power to ensure equitable profit distribution. The improved alternating direction multiplier method (ADMM) is adopted for distributed problem-solving. Experimental results demonstrate that the cost of each MG decreased by 5894.14, 3672.44, and 2806.64 CNY, while the total cost of the MEMG network decreased by 12,431.22 CNY. Additionally, the carbon emission reduction ratios were 2.84%, 2.77%, and 5.51% for each MG and 11.12% for the MEMG network.

Keywords: multi-energy multi-microgrid; electricity–hydrogen sharing; low-carbon technology; asymmetric Nash bargaining; improved ADMM algorithm (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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