A Sustainability Analysis of the Small Demersal Fish Used in the Surimi Industry in Indonesia Using the Length-Based Spawning Potential Ratio

Kuncoro Catur Nugroho (), Nimmi Zulbainarni, Zenal Asikin, Slamet Budijanto and Marimin Marimin
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Kuncoro Catur Nugroho: School of Business, IPB University, Bogor 16151, Indonesia
Nimmi Zulbainarni: School of Business, IPB University, Bogor 16151, Indonesia
Zenal Asikin: School of Business, IPB University, Bogor 16151, Indonesia
Slamet Budijanto: Department of Food Science and Technology, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
Marimin Marimin: Department of Agroindustrial Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 11, 1-21

Abstract: Indonesia’s surimi industry is increasingly relying on small demersal fish stocks, whose biological sustainability remains critically underexamined. This study evaluates four key species— Priacanthus tayenus , Pentaprion longimanus , Upeneus sulphureus , and Nemipterus tambuloides —using the length-based spawning potential ratio (LB-SPR) method across 66,674 samples. The results reveal acute reproductive depletion, whereby the SPR values for three species fall below the 20% viability threshold, and over 70% of specimens are harvested before maturity. These patterns signal severe recruitment overfishing, with implications for ecosystem resilience and the structural stability of surimi supply chains. Given the factory-based sampling bias, the findings likely represent a worst-case scenario for the surimi-directed stock component within Indonesia’s FMA712. Strategic reforms—particularly minimum size limits, seasonal closures, and broader multisite assessments—are urgently required in order to realign fishing practices with ecological thresholds and safeguard coastal livelihoods that are dependent on this industrial value chain.

Keywords: surimi industry; fish stock status; LB-SPR; sustainable fisheries; small demersal fish (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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