Assessing Supply and Demand Discrepancies of Urban Green Space in High-Density Built-Up Areas Based on Vitality Impacts: Evidence from Beijing’s Central Districts, China

Jingyi Han (), Shoubang Huang, Shiyang Zhang, Qing Lin and Xiangrong Wang ()
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Jingyi Han: School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Shoubang Huang: School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Shiyang Zhang: School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Qing Lin: School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Xiangrong Wang: School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 11, 1-31

Abstract: In rapidly urbanizing areas, there is a notable aggregation of vitality in high-density urban environments, accompanied by an increasing discrepancy between the supply and demand of urban green space (UGS). This study presented an integrated framework comprising a model for UGS supply-demand coupling coordination and a measure of urban vitality. Using downtown Beijing as a case study, the Gini coefficient assessed UGS supply-demand disparities across different vitality types. The study examined how UGS supply and demand factors interact with urban vitality, revealing the impact of UGS supply-demand imbalances on various dimensions of vitality and the UGS mismatches experienced by different vitality groups. The study showed that: (1) 63.29% of central Beijing’s areas had low UGS supply-demand coordination, with 39.23% experiencing UGS mismatches; (2) UGS supply and demand were significantly correlated with urban vitality spatial distribution; (3) these factors significantly impacted urban comprehensive vitality; (4) and there were notable UGS distribution disparities among vitality groups, with economic vitality group perceiving the greatest inequity (Gini = 0.311), followed by social vitality (Gini = 0.289) and cultural vitality group (Gini = 0.247). These findings offer valuable insights for a more refined assessment and enhancement of UGS, aiming to achieve balanced, high-quality, and sustainable urban development.

Keywords: urban green spaces; high-density built-up areas; urban vitality; Beijing central districts; coupling-coordination degree; supply and demand match (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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