Sustainable Daily Mobility and Bike Security

Sergej Gričar (), Christian Stipanović and Tea Baldigara
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Sergej Gričar: Faculty of Business and Management Sciences, University of Novo Mesto, 8000 Novo Mesto, Slovenia
Christian Stipanović: Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management, University of Rijeka, 51410 Opatija, Croatia
Tea Baldigara: Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management, University of Rijeka, 51410 Opatija, Croatia

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 14, 1-20

Abstract: As climate change concerns, urban congestion, and environmental degradation intensify, cities prioritise cycling as a sustainable transport option to reduce CO 2 emissions and improve quality of life. However, rampant bicycle theft and poor security infrastructure often deter daily commuters and tourists from cycling. This study explores how advanced security measures can bolster sustainable urban mobility and tourism by addressing these challenges. A mixed-methods approach is utilised, incorporating primary survey data from Slovenia and secondary data on bicycle sales, imports and thefts from 2015 to 2024. Findings indicate that access to secure parking substantially enhances users’ sense of safety when commuting by bike. Regression analysis shows that for every 1000 additional bicycles sold, approximately 280 more thefts occur—equivalent to a 0.28 rise in reported thefts—highlighting a systemic vulnerability associated with sustainability-oriented behaviour. To bridge this gap, the study advocates for an innovative security framework that combines blockchain technology and Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) with encrypted Quick Response (QR) codes. Each bicycle would receive a tamper-proof QR code connected to a blockchain-verified NFT documenting ownership and usage data. This system facilitates real-time authentication, enhances traceability, deters theft, and builds trust in cycling as a dependable transport alternative. The proposed solution merges sustainable transport, digital identity, and urban security, presenting a scalable model for individual users and shared mobility systems.

Keywords: Non-Fungible Tokens; blockchain; bike security; sustainable mobility; QR codes (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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