Effect of Stubble Height on Cadmium Removal Potential of Removed Straw

Yanjiao Dai, Min Song, Yuling Liu, Ying Zhang, Jian Zhu and Hua Peng ()
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Yanjiao Dai: Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
Min Song: Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
Yuling Liu: Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
Ying Zhang: Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
Jian Zhu: Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
Hua Peng: Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 15, 1-14

Abstract: Straw removal is a method used to reduce cadmium (Cd) concentration in contaminated farmland. Experiments in Hunan Province tested different stubble heights (0, 15, 30, 45 cm) in three Cd-polluted paddy fields with different contamination levels. The results showed that lower stubble heights resulted in larger straw biomass and more Cd removed from the field, while the residual biomass and Cd returned to the field decreased accordingly. At stubble heights of 0, 15, 30, and 45 cm, the removed straw biomass accounted for 100%, 69.19%, 48.84%, and 28.17% of the total straw biomass, respectively. The corresponding Cd removal amounts were 12.89, 7.18, 4.18, and 1.83 g ha −1 , which constituted 100%, 54.06%, 29.85%, and 12.54% of the total Cd accumulation in straw for the season, respectively. According to the fitted curve, the biomass of returned and removed straw was equal at a stubble height of 31 cm, while at 23 cm, the Cd return and removal amounts were balanced. Rice varieties Huanghuazhan and Nongxiang 42 had better Cd removal but risked grain Cd exceeding limits. Since Cd concentration in straw determines removal efficiency, varieties with high straw Cd accumulation and low grain Cd are more suitable for remediation, rather than high-Cd-accumulating types.

Keywords: cadmium removal; phytoremediation; rice straw; stubble height; sustainable agriculture (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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