Research on Alkali-Activated Systems Based on Solid Waste-Derived Activators: A Review

Xiaomei Wan (), Lijie Ren, Tingjian Lv, Dengke Wang and Boshi Wang
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Xiaomei Wan: School of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
Lijie Ren: School of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
Tingjian Lv: CCCC Construction Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100022, China
Dengke Wang: School of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
Boshi Wang: School of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 1, 1-23

Abstract: The development of solid waste-derived activators for the preparation of alkali-activated systems is of great significance for further enhancing the environmental friendliness and sustainability of alkali-activated materials. In this review, the potential feasibility of applying solid waste-derived activators to prepare alkali-activated systems is explored. Through a discussion of alkali-activation mechanisms, the effect of activators on high-calcium and low-calcium systems is highlighted first. The properties and limitations of commonly used industrial-grade alkali activators are reviewed next. Finally, recent reports on waste-derived activators in alkaline activation systems are summarized, revealing the advantages and development trends of solid wastes with CaO, K 2 O/Na 2 O, and SiO 2 as the main components of effective substitutes for alkaline industrial exciters.

Keywords: solid waste; alkali-activated system; activator; cementitious materials (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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