The Considering Sales Manipulation of Fresh Product Enterprises Game

Ning Sun, Shaojian Qu and Ying Ji ()
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Ning Sun: School of Emergency Management, Wuxi University, Wuxi 214105, China
Shaojian Qu: School of Management Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Ying Ji: School of Management, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 21, 1-29

Abstract: Due to the highly perishable nature of fresh products, consumers often worry about product quality, which significantly dampens their purchase intentions. To address this and boost consumers’ willingness to pay, many fresh foods enterprises resort to sales manipulation tactics as a way to attract customers and gain a competitive edge. To further explore whether such yields net benefits to competing firms and the fresh product market, this research develops a game model involving two competing members selling fresh products. The model analyzes how sales manipulation affects the product prices, market shares, and profits of both firms across four scenarios. Finally, numerical analysis supports the robustness of findings and provides insights for establishing management guidelines for fresh product enterprises and the market.

Keywords: fresh products; consumer utility; sales manipulation; game theory (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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