Assessment of Glyphosate Runoff Pollution in Water Samples from Agricultural, Touristic and Ecologically Protected Areas

Anna Maria Sulej-Suchomska (), Joanna Katarzyna Jóźwik, Katarzyna Kozłowska-Tylingo, Marek Ruman, Sara Lehmann-Konera, Piotr Przybyłowski, Aleksander Maria Astel and Żaneta Polkowska ()
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Anna Maria Sulej-Suchomska: Department of Quality Management, Faculty of Management and Quality Sciences, Gdynia Maritime University, 81-225 Gdynia, Poland
Joanna Katarzyna Jóźwik: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
Katarzyna Kozłowska-Tylingo: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
Marek Ruman: Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, 60 Będzinska St., 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
Sara Lehmann-Konera: Department of Environmental Engineering Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
Piotr Przybyłowski: Department of Quality Management, Faculty of Management and Quality Sciences, Gdynia Maritime University, 81-225 Gdynia, Poland
Aleksander Maria Astel: Department of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Institute of Geography, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, 22a Arciszewskiego Str., 76-200 Słupsk, Poland
Żaneta Polkowska: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 22, 1-23

Abstract: The global spread of glyphosate (GLY) via agricultural runoff poses a significant threat to ecosystems, human health, and the environment, underscoring the need for sustainable agricultural practices. A comprehensive study on glyphosate contamination in runoff water, flowing surface waters, groundwater-influenced, and stagnant water samples was conducted from 2019 to 2021, across a diverse range of landscape types and environmental zones. This research constitutes a novel contribution to the field, focused on several distinct regions, including agricultural regions, tourist zones, and ecologically sensitive areas, including the Beka Natura Reserve, Natura 2000 sites and the Coastal Landscape Park in Poland. Glyphosate residues, with a maximum concentration range of 43.0–8406 ng/L, were detected in 63.5% of water samples collected from protected and unprotected areas. Glyphosate concentrations in water at high-tourism areas were highest in runoff samples from recreational and protected areas, including the Czarna Wda River in Ostrowo (512 ± 9.91 ng/L). Investigated water samples showed target hazard quotient values for glyphosate < 1, indicating no human health risk, and risk quotient values for GLY < 0.1, indicating a low ecotoxicological risk. The presented study is aligned with the United Nations’ 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, aiming to contribute to global sustainability goals.

Keywords: agricultural runoff; runoff water; glyphosate (GLY); sustainable development; stormwater pollution; environmental quality management (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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