Sustainable Removal of Phenol from Aqueous Media by Activated Carbon Valorized from Polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) Plastic Waste

Hoan Thi Lai, Chinh Van Tran, Nga Thuy Tran, Phuong Hien Ho, Luu Van Huyen, Ha Manh Nguyen, Hoai Phuong Thi Nguyen, Dinh Duc Nguyen () and Duong Duc La ()
Additional contact information
Hoan Thi Lai: Department of Fundamental Science, University of Transport and Communications, 3 Cau Giay, Dong Da, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
Chinh Van Tran: Institute of Chemistry and Materials, 17 Hoang Sam, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
Nga Thuy Tran: Department of Fundamental Science, University of Transport and Communications, 3 Cau Giay, Dong Da, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
Phuong Hien Ho: Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
Luu Van Huyen: Faculty of Environment, Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment, 41A Phu Dien, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi 100072, Vietnam
Ha Manh Nguyen: Department of Chemical Technology, Hanoi University of Industry, 298 Cau Dien, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
Hoai Phuong Thi Nguyen: Department of Chemistry and Environment, Joint Vietnam-Russia Tropical Science and Technology Research Center, 63 Nguyen Van Huyen, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
Dinh Duc Nguyen: Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
Duong Duc La: Institute of Chemistry and Materials, 17 Hoang Sam, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 2, 1-15

Abstract: PET, one of the most commonly used plastics, presents significant environmental challenges due to its non-biodegradable nature. To address this, we developed a sustainable method to convert PET waste into high-performance activated carbon via chemical activation with phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ). The produced activated carbon was analyzed utilizing X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nitrogen adsorption/desorption (BET), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and Raman spectroscopy. The activated carbon produced had a macroporous architecture with a substantial surface area, pore diameter, and pore volume of 655.59 m 2 /g, 3.389 nm, and 0.120 cm 3 /g, respectively. The adsorption isotherm of activated carbon for phenol conformed to the Langmuir model, signifying single-layer adsorption with a maximal capacity of 114.94 mg/g, while the kinetic adsorption adhered to the second-order model at an optimal pH of 7. The study highlights the sustainable benefits of mitigating plastic waste pollution while producing a cost-effective and eco-friendly adsorbent for water treatment applications. This research underscores the potential for recycling PET waste into valuable materials for environmental remediation.

Keywords: activated carbon; sustainable utilization of plastic; plastic waste; adsorption; phenol removal (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/2/548/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/2/548/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:2:p:548-:d:1565467

Access Statistics for this article

Sustainability is currently edited by Ms. Alexandra Wu

More articles in Sustainability from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().