Opportunities, Technological Challenges and Monitoring Approaches in Agrivoltaic Systems for Sustainable Management

Carmine De Francesco, Luana Centorame (), Giuseppe Toscano and Daniele Duca ()
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Carmine De Francesco: Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
Luana Centorame: Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
Giuseppe Toscano: Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
Daniele Duca: Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 2, 1-23

Abstract: In the context of climate change and the increasing demand for innovative solutions in agriculture and energy, agrivoltaic systems (AVSs) have emerged as promising technologies. These systems integrate photovoltaic panels with agricultural practices, optimizing both food and energy production. This study provides a comprehensive review focused on monitoring techniques applicable to AVS, including fixed sensors and remote monitoring tools. Bibliographic analysis revealed a significant increase in scientific interest in AVSs since 2019, with most publications focusing on technological, agronomic, and environmental aspects. Key findings highlight environmental benefits such as reduced greenhouse gas emissions, improved water efficiency, and enhanced soil quality. Otherwise, challenges including high initial costs and the persistence of technical complexities. Innovative configurations such as semi-transparent or vertically bifacial panels enable resource optimization and improved agricultural yields if combined with advanced monitoring systems. This study highlights the importance of incentive policies and further research to maximize the potential of AVSs in promoting sustainable land management.

Keywords: photovoltaic; sensor; sustainability; agronomy; sustainable energy; agriculture and photovoltaics; dual-use land; agricultural innovation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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