Methods for Calculating Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Baltic Sea Ports: A Comparative Study

Mari-Liis Tombak, Ulla Tapaninen () and Jonne Kotta
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Mari-Liis Tombak: Estonian Maritime Academy, Tallinn University of Technology, Kopli 101, 11712 Tallinn, Estonia
Ulla Tapaninen: Estonian Maritime Academy, Tallinn University of Technology, Kopli 101, 11712 Tallinn, Estonia
Jonne Kotta: Estonian Maritime Academy, Tallinn University of Technology, Kopli 101, 11712 Tallinn, Estonia

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 2, 1-17

Abstract: Ports are vital nodes of maritime transport. To be able to decrease their GHG emissions, ports have developed various automated or semiautomated tools for emission assessment. In this study, we focus on an open-source tool called EVISA and compare how seven Baltic Sea ports are using this tool. We found that the results of these assessments are incomparable, all the ports use the tool differently, and report different numbers of emissions. We also compare how one port, the Port of Tallinn, uses two different tools and ends up with different numbers of emissions. The study offers a detailed comparison of the port-specific methods, data collection processes, and calculation principles, evaluating their effectiveness in measuring emissions from maritime transport in ports. Additionally, it highlights the pressing need for standardised greenhouse gas emission mapping methodologies in ports. The results highlight the need to create a cohesive, easy-to-use tool that complies with established standards like the GHG Protocol, IPCC guidelines, and ISO 14064.

Keywords: port emissions; GHG emissions; sustainability; port decarbonisation; methodology; Baltic Sea region; environmental impact (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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