Development of the Implementation of Renewable Sources in EU Countries in Heating and Cooling, Transport, and Electricity

Marcela Taušová (), Maksym Mykhei, Katarína Čulkova, Peter Tauš, Dávid Petráš and Pavol Kaňuch
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Marcela Taušová: Institute of Earth Resources, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Kosice, Letná 9, 042 00 Košice, Slovakia
Maksym Mykhei: Institute of Earth Resources, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Kosice, Letná 9, 042 00 Košice, Slovakia
Katarína Čulkova: Institute of Earth Resources, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Kosice, Letná 9, 042 00 Košice, Slovakia
Peter Tauš: Institute of Earth Resources, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Kosice, Letná 9, 042 00 Košice, Slovakia
Dávid Petráš: Institute of Earth Resources, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Kosice, Letná 9, 042 00 Košice, Slovakia
Pavol Kaňuch: Institute of Earth Resources, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Kosice, Letná 9, 042 00 Košice, Slovakia

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 2, 1-18

Abstract: This paper compares the use of renewable energy sources (RESs) in the EU, focusing on their application in the transport, cooling and heating sectors and electricity production. It examines the current situation in the EU and assesses to what extent their laws and policies have contributed to the transition to renewable energy sources. This study focuses on several forms of renewable energy, including solar, wind, hydro energy, and biomass energy. The analysis is based on several variables, including production, consumption, and environmental impact. The findings of the analysis highlight the contrasts and similarities between the two nations and illuminate the best strategies for advancing sustainable energy development. This study also analyzes the main renewable energy strategies and policies to understand which factors support or hinder the transition to sustainable and clean energy. The analysis underscores the importance of optimizing energy efficiency and achieving long-term savings using RESs. Additionally, this study emphasises the role of RESs in enhancing energy security and promoting economic growth through technological innovation. This study also highlights the potential of RESs to reduce emissions in industry, transport, and agriculture, thereby contributing to environmental sustainability. The results show that the use of renewable energy sources (RESs) in the European Union has increased in the analyzed period. The results of this study can be useful to government agencies, businesses, academia, and the public interested in supporting the development of sustainable energy in the EU.

Keywords: energy policy; renewable energy sources; biomass; energy production; living environment; EU (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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