Binary Supplementary Cementitious Material from Expanded Clay Production Dust and Opoka

Rimvydas Kaminskas (), Irmantas Barauskas, Skomantas Uselis and Brigita Savickaite
Additional contact information
Rimvydas Kaminskas: Department of Silicate Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
Irmantas Barauskas: Department of Silicate Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
Skomantas Uselis: Department of Silicate Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
Brigita Savickaite: Department of Silicate Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu 19, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 2, 1-12

Abstract: Global warming is a critical issue driven largely by the extensive release of greenhouse gases, with the cement industry being one of the biggest contributors to CO 2 emissions. A sustainable solution involves the integration of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) into cement production, which can mitigate environmental impacts. This study focuses on the effects of binary SCMs, composed of calcined expanded clay kiln dust and opoka, on the hardening and hydration behavior of Portland cement. The analysis used methods such as X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, calorimetry, and compressive strength testing. The tested dust was thermally activated at 600 °C and the opoka was dried and milled to evaluate its combined influence on the cement properties. Portland cement was substituted with a combination of these two additives. The findings revealed that the two-component mixture exerts a multifaceted impact on the hydration process of Portland cement. The activated expanded clay kiln dust triggers a pozzolanic reaction because of its high reactivity, while the opoka component promotes the development of monocarboaluminates. This binary supplementary cementitious material, derived from opoka and expanded clay kiln dust, proves to be a highly effective substitute, allowing up to 25 wt.% replacement of Portland cement without reducing its compressive strength.

Keywords: Portland cement; supplementary cementitious materials; compressive strength (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/2/794/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/17/2/794/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:2:p:794-:d:1571317

Access Statistics for this article

Sustainability is currently edited by Ms. Alexandra Wu

More articles in Sustainability from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().