Mitigating the Impact of Partial Shading Conditions on Photovoltaic Arrays Through Modified Bridge-Linked Configuration

Muhammad Ali Raza, Saneea Zahra, Safdar Raza (), Mohammad R. Altimania, Mannan Hassan, Hafiz Mudassir Munir (), Ievgen Zaitsev and Vladislav Kuchanskyy
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Muhammad Ali Raza: Department of Electrical Engineering, NFC Institute of Engineering & Technology, Multan 60000, Pakistan
Saneea Zahra: Department of Electrical Engineering, NFC Institute of Engineering & Technology, Multan 60000, Pakistan
Safdar Raza: Department of Electrical Engineering, NFC Institute of Engineering & Technology, Multan 60000, Pakistan
Mohammad R. Altimania: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia
Mannan Hassan: School of Information Sciences and Engineering, Ningbotech University, Ningbo 315100, China
Hafiz Mudassir Munir: Department of Electrical Engineering, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur 65200, Pakistan
Ievgen Zaitsev: Department of Theoretical Electrical Engineering and Diagnostics of Electrical Equipment, Institute of Electrodynamics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteyskiy, 56, Kyiv-57, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine
Vladislav Kuchanskyy: Department of Power-Supply Systems Optimization, Institute of Electrodynamics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteyskiy, 56, Kyiv-57, 03680 Kyiv, Ukraine

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 3, 1-18

Abstract: Global reliance on depleting energy resources is driving the urgent need for alternative solutions to address escalating energy demands. Solar energy, a prominent renewable resource, leverages various configurations and techniques to maximize power output, even under challenging environmental conditions. In photovoltaic (PV) arrays, partial shading conditions (PSCs) significantly hinder efficiency by reducing power extraction across solar panels. Traditionally, configurations such as series, parallel, series-to-parallel, and bridge-linked (BL) are employed to optimize power output; however, each has limitations under PSCs. Here, we introduce a modified bridge-linked (Modified BL) configuration designed to mitigate the adverse effects of partial shading on PV arrays. This approach allows for interconnected solar modules that reduce shading impact across an entire array, thus preserving efficiency by isolating shaded sections and minimizing power loss. The Modified BL configuration not only supports maximum power point tracking (MPPT) but also enhances resilience against shading, ensuring stable power output. Our simulation results underscore the critical influence of irradiance levels on PV electricity generation, suggesting that incorporating irradiance variability as a design parameter is essential in selecting optimal PV interconnection schemes under PSCs. This study contributes to advancing solar array design by providing a robust method to maintain power output in partial shading conditions, ultimately supporting broader efforts in renewable energy optimization.

Keywords: solar energy; photovoltaic array interconnection configuration; partial shading conditions; bridge-linked; renewable energy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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